Urban planning has adapted by creating structures that can flex during quakes and ensuring infrastructure remains functional even after major disasters, making survival a top priority.
People in Japan have long adapted to their environment, especially to the challenges posed by extreme heat, humidity and frequent natural disasters. The hot, humid summers (particularly in cities like Tokyo) have led to widespread use of air conditioning and fans. It also led to traditional cooling methods like "norens" (fabric curtains) and the strategic design of homes with shaded verandas or tatami floors that stay cooler. Additionally, many urban areas are built with narrow streets and tall buildings to create breezes, known as "kaze-no-michi."
In terms of natural disasters, Japan has become a global leader in disaster preparedness. Earthquake-resistant architecture is a staple, with buildings designed to sway rather than collapse during quakes. The 1995 Kobe earthquake prompted major changes, with modern buildings incorporating advanced seismic technology and stricter building codes to ensure safety. People are also taught to live with constant vigilance with regular earthquake drills, early warning systems and widespread emergency supplies. This provides a sense of readiness in case of a disaster. Coastal areas are fortified with seawalls to guard against tsunamis, and people are trained to take quick action when warnings are issued.
