Early explorers were particularly vulnerable to the challenges faced by isolation. If they got into trouble, it was only themselves who could be relied on to get them out of there. During the summer, many parts of the surrounding ocean become largely free of ice (i.e. only occasional icebergs will be floating around). During the winter, the ocean completely freezes over and can prevent ships from moving. Ships may even become trapped in the ice! This is particularly scary when you think about winter in Antarctica, when the sun doesn’t rise for months on end. How would you feel if you were trapped down there for an entire winter?
People have adapted to living for short periods of time down in Antarctica through the innovative use of modern technology. During our trip, our partner organization, Quark Expeditions, provided us with warm coats and gloves to wear whenever we ventured outside. These were essential, as the temperature was regularly below freezing. Did you know that the coldest-ever temperature in the world is from Antarctica, around -112F?! We were also given dry-suits while out kayaking. These were made of a rubber-like material and kept us completely dry, even when we had water splashing all over us from the paddles and waves. Any dwellings that are built down there for the various scientific research teams are well insulated from the cold and have extensive heating.
Of course the early Antarctic explorers didn’t have the same comforts of warm clothing as we did, so they would often have to make do with wearing various layers of animal furs instead. As a final effort to stay warm, many early explorers also choose to grow lengthy beards!
